Building Catholic Churches in Hong Kong Stories of the laity and living faith

著者名
福島綾子
価格
定価 14,300円(税率10%時の消費税相当額を含む)
ISBN
978-4-7985-0339-4
仕様
B5判 上製 370頁 C3052
発行年
2022年9月
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内容紹介

世俗化した近現代における「宗教」、「信仰」、「宗教建築」、そして「信徒」とは何か。この大きな問いに、本書は香港というひとつの事例の全容を提示しつつ、世界史的に位置づける。

意外にも香港には、カトリック信者が多い。香港の信者数は、日本全体の信者総数よりも多い。この背景には、カトリック教会が社会的に担ってきた役割の大きさがある。イギリスは19世紀に香港を植民地とした後、教会に教育・福祉サービスを担わせた。この見返りというかたちで、多くのカトリック教会堂が政府助成を受けて建設されるようになった。

カトリック教会堂の形態や用途は約180年の香港史において、目まぐるしく変遷した。その背景には、植民地ならではの政府と教会の相互依存的関係があり、また、香港返還が決定した後の関係激変があった。そして教会堂空間を確保するため、教会はあらゆる努力をしてきたが、それには司祭のみならず、信徒たちが重要な役割を担ってきた。

戦後に急増した香港人信徒たちは、難民としての受動的な存在から徐々に自立、成熟し、教会堂建設に参加するようになった。特に建築家やエンジニアである信徒の活躍が顕著であった。彼らの奉仕は司祭の実務的な補助者として始まったが、世界的な霊性運動の興隆に大きな影響を受け、また返還をめぐる香港社会の激動のただなかにあって、次第に、信徒自身の霊性探求を教会堂営繕に見出し、求めてゆくようになった。本書は、教会堂という物質的なものの変遷と同時に、信者の信仰、霊性という内的な変容の過程をも描く。また、2019年の香港民主化運動とその後の運動弾圧、急激な中国化によって、教会、信徒、教会堂建設が受けた影響についても解説する。

なお、本書は福島綾子著『香港カトリック教会堂の建設  信徒による建設活動の意味  』(九州大学出版会、2019年)を著者自身が英訳し、さらに『香港カトリック教会堂の建設』刊行前後に急展開した香港民主化運動、政教関係、教会堂建設状況に関する最新情報について、分析のうえ加筆したものである。

目次

List of Plates
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Drawings
Acknowledgements
General notes and credits
 
Introduction
  Theoretical Framework: Laity’s involvement in church building
    Secularisation of the study of Church architecture
    Pugin and Ruskin
    Catholics in Hong Kong
    Research question
  Literature review
  Methodology
    Interviews
    Archival research
  Sequence of chapters
 
Chapter 1 The discourse on the laity
  Concept of the laity from ancient times to the early 19th century
    Ancient times
    Middle Ages
    Renaissance
    Modern times
  Concept of the laity from the late 19th century
    New theology and Catholic Action
    The Second Vatican Council
    Liturgical Reform
    Revision of the code of Canon Law
    Post-conciliar state of the laity
    Synod of Bishops, 1987
    The new Catholic movements and discernment of the spirit of the Council
  What is the laity in Hong Kong?
 
Chapter 2 Catholic churches in Hong Kong
  Chronological framework
  Background to the birth of the Hong Kong Catholic Church, 16th to mid-19th centuries
  Church architecture in China
  Comprehensive and typological studies of churches in Hong Kong
    Comprehensive research
    Typological study
    Types of churches
 
Chapter 3 1841 to 1945: Clergy-dominated era of building churches
  Historical background
    Growth of colony and Catholic Church
    Relations between the Church and Government
    Training professionals in building industry
  Types of churches
    Mission station
    Stand-alone church
    Chapel in convent, school or welfare facility
  Owner of church
  Clergy-centred building system
 
Chapter 4 1945 to 1960s: Building schools incorporating churches
  Historical background
    Religious persecution in China
    Refugee influx into Hong Kong
    Construction of schools by the Church
    Urbanisation
    Architectural education at University of Hong Kong
  Types of churches
    Stand-alone church
    Mission station
    Chapel in refugee settlement
    Church in public estate
    Churches in private building
    Church and school complex
    School chapel
    Mass centre in Catholic school
    Church with welfare facility
  Management of church building projects
    Chinese architects
    Traditional lack of lay ministry
    Lay ministry accelerated by the Second Vatican Council
 
Chapter 5 1970s to 1981: Emergence of Hong Kong Catholic Building Professionals
  Historical background
    Religious persecution in mainland China
    Government standard design schools
    Development of new towns and Hong Kong building professionals
  Types of churches
    Mass centre in government standard design school
    Church with welfare facility
    Church in private building
  Management of church building projects
    Bishop Hsu’s reform and Diocesan Convention, 1970
    Diocesan Development Committee, 1971
    Defects and participation of engineers, 1974
    Bishop Wu’s emphasis on lay ministry
    Liturgical Art and Architecture Commission, 1977
 
Chapter 6 1982 to 1989: Lay ministry and the handover of Hong Kong
  Historical background
    Increased control of religion on the mainland
    Announcement of the handover and fear
    Pursuit of democracy
  Church concern and remedial measures
    Bishop Wu’s response to the handover
    Lay ministry and small faith community
    Catholic Institute for Religion and Society, 1985
    Concession of the Church
  Transformation of Hong Kong society
    Hong Konger identity
    Hong Kong building professionals
  Types of churches and building projects of the Diocese
    Decrease of church/school complexes and Mass centres in Catholic school
    Increasing church building projects
    Discontinuation of Church Extension Fund
    Impasse of traditional management method
 
Chapter 7 1989 to 1996: Towards the establishment of Diocesan Building and Development Commission
  Historical background
    Tian’anmen Incident
    Intensified fear among Hong Kongers
    Boosting the building industry
    Intensified fear among Hong Kong Catholics and response of the Diocese
  Types of churches
    Church and kindergarten complex
    Church in private building
  Management of church building projects
    Architectural Consultant and Clerk of Works at Procuration
    Diocesan Liturgy Commission’s initiative for reform
    Hong Kong Catholic architects
    Theological training for Catholic building professionals
    Lay ministry in church building projects
    Proposal to Bishop
    Establishment of Diocesan Building and Development Commission, 1995
 
Chapter 8 1997 to 2005: Building a church through urban redevelopment
  Historical background
    Hindrance of democratisation
    Antagonistic Church and Government relations
    Economic dependence on China
  Types of churches
    Church and kindergarten complex
    Church and urban redevelopment
  Redevelopment of Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church
    History of the Catholic Church in Wan Chai, 1842-1996
    Pre-design phase
    Design phase: liturgical spaces
    Design phase: practical spaces
    Lay involvement in Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church
 
Chapter 9 2006 to 2019: Lay spirituality movement
  Historical background
    Sinicisation of religions in China and the Sino-Vatican deal
    Pro-democracy movements in Hong Kong
    Catholic Church in the movements
    Aggravated housing and land provision issues
  Types of churches
    Church and kindergarten complex
    Church and community hall
    Revival of Mass centre in a Catholic school
  Stagnant church building projects
  Catholic Building Professional Advisory Group and its spirituality
    CaBPAG
    Spirituality and CaBPAG
    CaBPAG and the handover factor
    Lay ministry and spirituality
 
Conclusion Act of building churches for lay Catholics in Hong Kong
 
Postscript
    Pro-Democracy Movement, 2019
    The Church and the Pro-Democracy Movement
    The National Security Law for Hong Kong, 2020
    Religious persecution
    New Bishop of Hong Kong, 2021
    Catholic places of worship in the pandemic
    New building projects
    Lay ministry for church buildings
 
Drawings
 
Appendices
  Appendix 1  List of Catholic churches in Hong Kong
  Appendix 2  Architects who worked with the Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong, 1950s-1990s
  Appendix 3  Biography and Church Projects of Chinese Architects, 1950s-1990s
  Appendix 4  Bishops, Procurators and Diocesan commissions related to building
  Appendix 5  Members and staff of the Diocesan Building and Development Commission (DBDC), 1995-2020
 
References
 
Index

著者紹介

福島綾子(ふくしま あやこ)
 
九州大学大学院芸術工学研究院・准教授。博士(工学、九州大学)。
早稲田大学文学研究科考古学専攻修士課程修了。
ユネスコ北京事務所で文化遺産保存修復事業マネジメントに従事。
フルブライト奨学金を得てペンシルバニア大学文化遺産保存学修士
課程(Historic Preservation Program)修了。2006年より九州大学
大学院芸術工学研究院に所属。カトリック教会堂の建築、建設・
営繕のあり方を建築学、歴史学、社会学、宗教学などから多角的に
理解することを研究テーマとし、日本と香港を主な対象としている。

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